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Nonprofit Radio for March 10, 2017: Doing Good Better

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William MacAskill: Doing Good Better

William MacAskill is the author of “Doing Good Better,” a book that introduces effective altruism for individuals. There are worthy takeaways for your nonprofit as we discuss how your donors can give smarter to make the greatest difference. (Originally aired Aug 14, 2015)

 

 


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Hello and welcome to tony martignetti non-profit radio big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent. I’m your aptly named host. Oh, i’m glad you’re with me, i’d suffer. The embarrassment of hemi ble is mus if you shook me up with the idea that you missed today’s show, doing good better. William mccaskill is the author of doing good better, a book that introduces effective altruism for individuals. There are worthy takeaways for your non-profit as we discussed how your donors can give smarter to make the greatest difference that originally aired august fourteenth, twenty fifteen tony steak to jump start your planned e-giving we’re sponsored by pursuant full service fund-raising data driven and technology enabled, you’ll raise more money pursuing to dot com, and by we be spelling supercool spelling bee fundraisers we b e spelling dot com here is william mccaskill and doing good, better it’s time to welcome my guest william mccaskill, associate professor in philosophy at oxford university and co founder of the nonprofit organizations e-giving what we can and eighty thousand hours. They’ve raised over four hundred million dollars in lifetime, pledged donations to charities and helped spark the effective altruism movement, which will be talking a lot about you may have heard about will and his organizations in the new york times, the wall street journal, national public radio and ted talks. He lives in oxford, england, but he’s calling from somewhere on the west coast. I’m not sure where to talk about his new book. Doing good better how effective altruism can help you make a difference published just in april by gotham books. It’s, an imprint of penguin random house he’s at will mccaskill on twitter. Well, mccaskill welcome to tony martignetti non-profit radio. I’m going to speak to you. It’s. A pleasure. Where are you calling from? Calling the man view just outside of san francisco. Okay. Cool. Is it? Is it beautiful there in in mountain view today. It’s beautiful every day and manage everything as opposed to as opposed to oxford, which is probably not beautiful every day. No it’s, really gray and rainy most days wait. Quite pleasant experience being in the california summer. Love it. Wonderful. Welcome. Um, effective altruism. What you’re you’re working at the intersection of economics, psychology and philosophy. What is this about effects? Folks? Ism is about using your time and money as effectively as possible to make the world a better place. That means taking a scientific approach using high quality evidence, good data, careful, logical reasoning in order to ensure that when you give to charity or when you choose a career you’re aiming to use to make a difference, they’re using it did not just make a difference, but to make the most difference, you can’t the most. The biggest possible difference. That’s, right? And so there’s a lot of economic theory wrapped up in this and it’s effective altruism is is on the book is devoted to individuals, and they’re giving right? Yep. Okay, but we’re going to draw a lot of lessons for non-profits because there are there are valuable lessons there in in what you’re, uh, recommending for for individuals. Um, i love i love stories. So could we and you introduce ah, the, uh, the theory of effective altruism with a ah de worming story in kenya. Can you can you share that, please? At sure. So in the nineteen nineties, uh, michael claim a who is? Ah, development economists that harvard he was. He was working in kenya and he’s working with a charity called i c s that did a variety of education programs for the poor and that currency on dh he was working with him on dh. He just had the obvious question, which was, well, have you actually tested this to see if it works to see how effective it wass andi answer was that they had on dh. In fact, at the time, basically, no one had bean doing high quality experiments to test different development programs, and so what they did was they started investigating a ll the different things that this child he was doing and the results were really interesting. So they take something that seemed very obviously like you have a big impact distributing textbooks, for example, to schools where they only have one textbook for classroom on dh they to save me the textbook uh, in seven schools, then they just monitor seven other schools where they wouldn’t do any intervention in order to compare what the difference wass andre actually found there was no effect. Meeting textbooks didn’t have didn’t include outcomes totally will thinking, well, it’s, totally counterintuitive we would all think that students with more textbooks are going tto learn. Better have better education outcomes because they don’t have to share one textbook for twenty children the way it often is it’s just so intuitive, completely counterintuitive the things that we think obviously that’s really effective dahna often end up having no impact can’t even have a negative impact, harmful and then other things which we would not even know about or think others very boring or underwhelming can be extraordinarily effective. So, for example, what they ended up testing so they tested textbooks, flip talk all these just had no effect. And then they ended up testing de worming school children. So over the billion people worldwide suffer from intestinal worms on dh they can be cured very cheaply for less than dollars per child. And so they find hyre rolling out masti worming programs to a number of schools, and they found an extraordinary effect on increasing school attendance. It was really quite remarkable on when it was followed up with later on, it was found that the children had been de wormed had improved earnings on dh were ableto work more violence as well. So this very boring, extremely unsexy program end up having this extraordinary impact. In terms of improvements to the lives of the poor and kenya love it, yeah, you it’s not something we would think of it takes a development specialist on and i think i think you make it clear that hey just was talking to a friend who worked for the world bank or one of the development programs, and they suggested that person suggested de warming, and it led to the results that you describe, but yeah, you know, actually, i get a physical chill when you’re listening to you tell the story, just like it did when i was reading it. Yes, intuition leads us astray so, so much. And if we really want to make the most effective, biggest change possible, we have to be more ah, analytical mohr really a little more cold hearted, considerably more cold hearted than we are about are giving decisions. That’s why, i think i mean, we take this approach when we buy products, so you know, if you you wouldn’t just normally buy a product that someone just comes up to you in the suite and pictures you are you’d want toby, we kind of if you’re buying a laptop, you’d want to look into it? You’d want to ensure that you’re getting you might look at the views online, you want to ensure that, uh, you’re buying the best laptop you can forgiving place? Ah, no, i’m just saying we should take a similar sort of approach when we’re giving to charity, we should be trying to look up, not just like, does this charity have glossy leaflets with smiling children, but actually, if i give a certain amount of money what’s the outcome of that going to be and how can i spend my money such that you know, i can get the best value with my donation? Brilliant. Okay? And you devote the first half of the book to siri’s of five questions we have just about two minutes before our first break, but of course we’re together for the hour. So not to worry, why don’t you introduce? Are the first question and just talk a little about it and, like, roughly a minute and a half or so. Okay, so the first question is how many people benefit and by how much? So this is the thought that when you’re going to do any sort of activity, whether that activity of your non-profit or donating or cubine volunteering thie impact you have should be cast out in terms of impact on people’s well being. And that means if you can benefit more people if you could benefit the same number of people by a greater amount, then that’s better to do and that’s just crucial neato. Look att um, the outcomes actually, a program has rather say when looking at charity, you know, how much is the ceo paid or what the overhead costs they are actually that important? Because it what we should care about ultimately is just how is this money that we’re giving, turning into improved improvements in terms of people’s quality of life? Okay, let’s, go out for that break now we’ll take care of this when we come back, will and i are going to talk about the rest of the questions, of course, and continue with this one. How many people benefited by how much we’ll talk about quality what’s a quality you’re gonna learn? And ah, what was going on in triaging at a red cross hospital in rwanda in nineteen ninety four? Stay with us, you’re tuned to non-profit radio tony martignetti also hosts a podcast for the chronicle of philanthropy. Fund-raising fundamentals is a quick ten minute burst of fund-raising insights, published once a month. Tony’s guests are expert in crowdfunding, mobile giving event fund-raising direct mail and donor cultivation. Really, all the fund-raising issues that make you wonder, am i doing this right? Is there a better way there is? Find the fund-raising fundamentals archive it. Tony martignetti dot com that’s marketmesuite n e t t i remember there’s, a g before the end, thousands of listeners have subscribed on itunes. You can also learn maura, the chronicle website, philanthropy dot com fund-raising fundamentals, the better way. Welcome back to big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent. Let’s. Do a little bit alive. Listener love, let’s. Start domestic cause we got. Of course we’ve got the listeners abroad. But let’s, start with the st louis, missouri, new york, new york. Thank you. New york city. Thanks for being here. And hubert, north carolina. Course. I got my place in north carolina. Live listener love there’s. More coming. Of course. Podcast pleasantries always go out to the those listening. Wherever, whatever, whether you’re washing dishes or driving a taxi podcast pleasantries to those left listening, doing all those things and and and other things and of course, affiliate affections to our many affiliate am and fm stations across the country. Affections to those affiliate listeners. Never forget them. Got badly of listeners and all all different channels, all different categories. So multi multi-channel non-profit radio will let’s again. I love stories. This this is such a wrenching one. But that brings tio tio light this this first question of how many people benefited by how much? What was james urbanski up too? Just a little briefly in in rwanda in nineteen. Ninety four? Yeah. So, james opinsky was workings doctors without borders in rwanda in nineteen, ninety four during genocide on. And he was one of the only non-profit workers still there when the genocide is happening and the story, it tells of a particularly have a long day for him. He was manning a tiny hospital, and it was just a huge number of casualties coming in far more than he could speak. And, uh, you know, the level of come what? The severity of the council he’s. Very extreme, indeed. On dh that meant we had to do was in good. Doctor does and engage in triage. Uh, andi, because the conditions were so extreme, he actually just he had to just sign each person coming in a number that actually got taped to the forehead. So one meant fleet immediately. Two men wait on science. You know, it’s. Not as urgent plants, feet within the first twenty four hours. And so you men ever believable. And the best they could do was provide morphine and blankets so they could pass away and comfort. And this is obviously an absolutely harder but having situation to be in. Uh, but it still asleep. The importance. Of and the necessity of making hard strayed off. So if james urbanski had simply throwing up his hands and said, well, i’m just gonna speak whoever’s first in front of me, you’re gonna treat people randomly that would have been a much worse outcome. He would have safety off your lives would have helped far fewer people and we might think, oh, it’s so lucky that you know what i know in situations like this in a very real sense, our situation is similar whenever we’re trying to do good for never give charity or buy-in volunteer their time where making decisions about who we help, who don’t on dh, especially when it comes to charity that could benefit. Of course, people in the world these things literally are life and death for someone on dh that means we can’t just say, ok, i’ll just give, you know, whatever happened to have heard about whatever alien to me, we do need to go through this process of hard tradeoffs and thinking, how can i benefit people by as much as possible? Accepting that means we’re gonna help some people and not help others quality qu up? Sorry, q. A l y que es el y? What is ah, quality. So crawley it’s little bit technical terminology i used in my book and it’s, a metric used by health economists in order to assess the size of the impact of a health program. So what quality stands for is quality adjusted life year. The idea is that with two ways by which you can give someone a health benefit seriously, you khun extend someone’s life. So you, khun, make someone live longer than they would otherwise have lived and extending their lifetime or about les is only better. Or secondly, you conclude some quality of life while they’re still alive. Accusing someone of migraines would extend their life, but it will make the quality of life better world in life and the quality adjusted life takes into account both of these way’s benefiting someone on dh enables us to make comparisons a ll different sorts of health programs so that you can work out which have the greatest benefit for a given amount of family. You mentioned migraines. Your migraine sufferer yourself, right? Yeah. That’s like, yeah, i know. I learned from reading the book. I know you have migraines. And back pain. This is, sir. Yeah, i know. And they were very alien to me as i was lying right here. Anything, anything else going on that we should know about? Are you okay today? I’m doing pretty well today, ok? Very good. You know what? Okay, now, typically on non-profit radio, we have george in jail, but you did not transgress. Ah, but because you quickly defined and i am on the one who introduced quality, so you’re not you’re not a. You’re not a scofflaw subject to jargon jail. So not to worry. If in case that was happy, that case that was causing your concern. Yes. There there guest to come out with a great deal of anxiety about jargon, jail. But you need to you needn’t worry at least not about quality, so so we can use that. Yes, you’re welcome. We can use this measure to evaluate, oh, and rank the success and the effectiveness. The outcomes of different charities in the health related the missions. That’s. Exactly. Right. So the ideas, if you, uh, do, you know, cure someone of sight that would be moving. So the you survey data tto find out how bad different sorts of conditions are on dh people. The airplane today they’re kind of quality of life. A fifty percent compared tto foot being fully sighted. And so if you can cure someone of blindness for two years, that would be moving from fifty percent to one hundred percent health quality of life for two years, which would equal one quality, just like you. Okay, um, and i think the take home for non-profits around this first question of the five is that you want to be sharing how you are improving lives and you want to show those metrics, if that’s your work that’s, right? And also, if you’re choosing between different programs, then it’s not enoughto look at, you know how much does this cost a bed net? How much does hyre spending purty worming tablets or in person, sir, you actually wanted to go that extra step and say okay for all these things? How is the action translating into people’s well being and if the sun programs and doing that helping far fewer people, we’re helping them buy much less in extent. Then you should probably be deeper advertising those and focusing on the ones that we do have the biggest impact. So it’s, it’s thes intermediate measures like distributing books or that you say, you know, the nets, that we shouldn’t be paying attention to its thie well, variously called i hear it, you know, the outcome or the impact of that metoo that middle activity that’s, exactly right on duitz particularly important because some of these intermediate met six like distributing textbooks, as you say, actually don’t have any improvements, at least in some context in terms of people’s well being. Okay, all right, let’s, go to aa let’s. Go to our second question. Which is, is this the most effective thing that you can do, please flush out out? So the idea behind this question is the different social programs very massively and how impactful there on dh. In fact, most social programs when tested seems to have no impact at all, even among those that do. And even among those in fact, very good in terms of the impact they have you could still do far, far more good if you choose to focus on the very best programs on dh. That means that when we’re thinking about doing good it’s not enough to just think, okay, i want to make a difference. This thing has an impact, therefore, it’s a good thing to do, but we need to ask, is this the most difference by making, uh and, you know, i give examples such as within mountain, developing world education providing free school uniforms has a significant effect on improving educational outcomes? School attendant hyre the children in court in subsaharan africa? Why is that what you might think? Yeah, why is that what’s? That connection between school uniforms and improved performance? Yeah, so in many countries, it’s just a requirement um, the child has to have a school uniforms to ten school and you might think, you know, that’s, a silly policy, but it does exist in some countries on dh that means that some families, they just can’t afford school uniforms for that somewhat revealed seeming reason they can’t send their children to school my mind so by providing a school uniforms, see you enable the family send the child to school. Remarkable. Yeah, give us another. Can you send another example? I love these of improving school attendance. Uh, it could be, but doesn’t have to be just just another example from the most effective method. Yeah. So another example. I mean within healthcare amglobal health it the easiest to see. So there were many activities you can do that will save ways for tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of dollars, like providing pants avectra vitals to be hiv, for example. But the most amazing example is the eradication of smallpox so far over sixty million lives since it was eradicated in nineteen, seventy that’s actually, more lives would have been saved if we’d eradicated. If we’d prevented all wars or political famines or genocide on all terrorist acts in that time. That’s incredible. Confirm to the death cole, your application of smallpox is better than world peace on day only cost one point four billion dollars in the money of the time, which means the cost for life saved was about those twelve dollars, so it’s just extraordinary example of incredible impact uh, and even though spending ten thousand one hundred thousand dollars to save a life it’s, incredibly good use of money. Examples like smallpox show that the very best pieces of money just, you know, even better again. And we still have opportunities that almost as good as that by distributing long lasting, insecticide treated bed nets to protect children from malaria from such as through the against malaria foundation. There you can save the life of about three and a half thousand dollars. Statistically, speaking on dh that’s again, just this absolutely huge impact and far, far better even than merely very good ways, right? Yeah. You do that in the book a few times, merely. Very good. But i exactly and there’s a big difference between that and the best. Right? Right on. I have to just repeat with something. You said that the eradication of smallpox was a larger lifesaver than world peace. Yeah. Then world peace would have bean would have would have been right. All right. Um, this is startling. In fact, in the whole twenty, essentially, even when you include world war one, world war two smallpox killed more people before it was eradicated than a war. Mmm. Damn. Yeah. It’s so? So moving especially, i mean we’re just this month was the anniversary of the the two nuclear bombs dropped in in japan for got taken and all those lives still more than all those lives and all the others in all the world wars. Mom. All right, so there’s a lesson here for non-profits again, in terms of what, where they’re going to focus their their time and precious money. Yeah, exactly. I mean, it really means, i think intuitively we think if something’s very good. So again, this is thinking about what programs you might pursue, and charities often pursue a variety of different programs like oxen. What in several care, no hole, big distribution, it’s probably the case. Some of these programs do way more good than others, so in business you might have heard of the eighty twenty, where eighty percent of the value comes from twenty percent of the effort. But the same thing applies and charity or doing good as well. It’s just a spot in a small number of the programs that doing far, far more in terms of impact than many others and that’s. Why it’s crucial to find out what those are really scale those up and de emphasize those that are not that don’t don’t don’t measure up, you know, now we’ve been talking a lot about health and poverty. Where do cultural organizations fit into this? This methodology, our art and history, museums, theaters? How do they, how do they fit this scheme so ultimately? Ultimately, i think it’s going to be hard to justify donating tio, you know, are just three museums when the comparison is he could be donating toe saving lives is very poor countries on dh. I mean the way measure it is in terms of again how many people benefit and by how much. So spending a certain amount elearning museum, how many people are being affected by this so obviously attending museums, wife sametz enriching experience, you could ask about how much people live and how many people are coming chaillou every year on then so that’s one thing, then there’s a second thing that you might think it’s just kind of a reason to do charity that’s outside this framework. So but concerned about listen, which is helping people as much as possible, you might think it’s just intended clea very important to preserve great works of our preserve historical artifact on that might be right again. I think, you know, we should think about the trade off we have to make. So if you’re funding or spending the time on museum, uh, how valuable is it to deserve this work of art where that’s cashed out in terms of the loss of the opportunity to be saving other people’s lives. Andi, i think as soon as you put the the decision, you know, in that in terms of that trade off, which is the decision we face, then i think it becomes quite that hard. It’s justifying, you know, spending philanthropic money on things like museums and a rather than lifesaving interventions in poor countries. All right, we’ll take a break, we’ll is going to stay with us, of course, for the for the second half, mohr of doing good betters coming up first pursuant, another free webinar coming up, this one is breakthrough fund-raising if you want to break through, then you need to identify your current perceptions and how they impact your current actions. Then you get insight into what would otherwise be invisible obstacles that are holding you back lots of valuable introspection. Or you might think it’s a load of crap if you see the value, then register at pursuing dot com click resource is and then webinars it’s called breakthrough fund-raising we’ll be spelling spelling bees for fund-raising they put on a live game show for your audience. It’s part spelling bee part concert, port, standup, comedy show and all for your fund-raising their video shows you what went on at one of their parties it’s at wi be e spelling dot com now, attorneys take two pursuant is the only place on the show where you get a free webinar i’ve got one coming up that’s me, tony, talk about me for a change, please it’s jump start your planned e-giving if you don’t have a plan giving program in your fund-raising mix, i’m talking to you, we’re going to cover how to start it’s very easy where to start? I know because i’ve been starting plan giving programs for fourteen years as a consultant and six years before that as a frontline fundraiser and lots of tips on five minute marketing for your plan to giving program it’s on march sixteenth at two o’clock eastern register at tony dot m a slash jumpstart your pg tony got m a slash jumpstart your pg, and my video introducing it is at tony martignetti dot com that is tony’s take two here’s more with william mccaskill well mccaskill, the associate professor in philosophy at oxford university, of course still with us well let’s, let’s. You feel like we’ve done justice for ah, question number two. Is this the most effective thing you can do? Yeah, i think so. Ok then. Guy had introduced the third question, please. So the third question is, is this area and neglected on dh? I think that’s crucial because things in general have diminishing the terms. If you have one coffee that makes you feel great, you know, we enjoy it by the fourth. The fifth thing is feeling kind of sick on dh that’s just for social programs as well we can normally, and it comes out in two ways. One is, it means that you can do the most to the benefit people who are the very poorest because the lowest hanging fruit in terms of things that improve people’s lives not yet been taken. Uh, andi that’s insect crucial because the scale of global inequalities. So today so it’s actually almost unimagined legally, where the port of billion people in the world live on less than one dollar fifty on dh what that means is today and when what? What that one dollar fifty per day means is what one dollar fifty could buy. In the us, which, if you think that it’s a bag of ice or something. So it’s already taken to account the fact that money goes verbal overseas on dh. That means that in general, if you want to improve people’s lives, i’m focusing on deported people is, you know, often the most effective thing to do. And then the second aspect is focusing on neglected causes. Where, if a certain cause ariel, that he gets a huge amount of funding, then it’s just going to be very hard for your additional donations or additional effort. Latto have as much of an impact. Andan example, i give is talking about disaster. Believe, yes. Where? Yeah. Where? Natural disasters. Because they’re so salient because they get so much publicity that they receive muchmore in funding pro casualty than why we call ongoing natural disasters like, uh, tuberculosis, malaria on neglected tropical diseases, hiv aids. These are killing far more people every single day. The natural disasters do they get a lot less attention on dh? Therefore get this funding. And that means that you can do more good by donating to these ongoing problems than you can by donating toe natural disaster relief. And and, yeah, that marginal dollar that you contribute does so much less around natural disaster relief than it can elsewhere in these. What you call the ongoing natural disasters that that’s the diminishing returns. Yeah, that’s, right. And that’s not to say that we shouldn’t have disaster relief. You certainly should. It’s very important that gets funded. The question is just given how everyone else is acting what’s. The additional benefit of my action. Yes, that incremental and that’s it’s equivalent to the kinds of questions that james urbanski was asking in in rwanda. What what? What is the most effective thing that i can do? Where is my time on? Dh his expertise as a doctor best spent to be most effective. Yeah, on dh not dealing with the with a sze yu said yu know as the cases came in but we think that way we we see on cnn the disaster videos and all of a sudden there’s a text to give campaign and it’s so easy to do it. It’s just it’s dropped in our lap. But that’s not the best decision making. Yeah, i think so. I think this actually almost provides an argument explicitly against donating our working on causes that you feel kind of intuitively very emotionally compelled towards, because it’s probably the case, that those are the things that most salient to you, but many other people also finding intuitively compelled towards, and so a very heavily funded. So i think this is too for example, poverty in the united states so almost muscle poured education united states, uh, he’s a very salient probably see these big problems, but they’re very salient problems toe many people in the us, and that means they get much more attention than problems that are much less alien to us, even though they’re even more extreme, like provoc like extreme poverty, like terrible lack of education on basic health problems in poor countries. Listen here for ah, non-profits i think again around program choice, but also career choice. Why did you around whether this is a neglected cars were just let’s, let’s, talk on the individual level, a little around career choice. Yeah, so i talk a bit about, uh, a guy called big louis who became a doctor because he wanted to help people. In-kind it was in the course of being a doctor. He is also very good statistician. You start to wonder, well, how much good does a doctor actually do? You know how much of an impact maybe we making in the world? And you think it might be obvious? So if you’re a surgeon than maybe you performing like sergent saving surgeries every day. Dahna the insight greg hand was if he wasn’t that surgeon, then someone else would, uh, do the same work in his place and in particular him becoming a doctor. It’s not like he’s, the average doctor in the us there’s eight hundred fifty thousands positions by becoming an extra doctor, he’d be just a hundred, a hundred fifty thousand first doctor, yes. So and when, you know, as a kind of healthcare system as a whole, you’re going to treat the most important, um, illnesses nail mintz first, so that the impact of an additional doctors just completing penny more minor conditions and he incorporated that analysis and ended up working out, he was doing an equivalent amount of good most in terms of quotes adjusted life years again, or qualities there was equivalent to about saving to a three lives so far, far west, and actually, you would have thought intuitively and that’s because as a doctor than of its country, like the u s and u k, all the kind of all the most effective health on dh programs and interventions are goingto be there going to be performed, whatever you do, whether it’s in a very poor country than that, not nearly not nearly as likely to be the case. So again, we have a bigger impact there and is a second aspect as well. So greg actually ended up not pursuing medicine, not pursuing not going to africa or another poor country for some of some poor country in order to work there instead stayed working in the uk in order to do good to his donations instead on dh that’s relevant because it’s past not many people do again that is neglected coming on, and that means he could target his donations to the very most effective virality andi it’s, a path that i call learning to give twenty two good, not just to your bilich labor, but serial ability to donate. Yes, choosing a career path that enables you to donate and target versus choosing a career path in the nonprofit ngo sector. That’s exactly like all right, all right. And i think often you, khun, you know, you’re able to pay for several charity workers with your donations, depending on sorts of opportunities you have available to you. You, uh you make the point, i think, very eye opening that the average reader of this and certainly everybody in the u s everybody in the u s is the one percent that we have come to reviled through through the campaign. You know, the campaign against the one percent, um, that started here, lee, here in the city, we’ll make that make that point for us about all of us being the one percent, yeah, so normally when people use the one percent provoc furling toe domestic inequality on the phone to people who are a part of that three hundred fifty thousand dollars per year on domestic inequality is very extreme, and i’d like to see currency like the uk and us have a much more equal distribution of wealth. No, uh, it just pales in comparison to the scale of global inequality on dh, in fact, to be in the richest one percent worldwide, then you only need to be earning about fifty thousand dollars a zone individual post tax on. Certainly everyone in buy-in the u s is at least one, which is fifteen percent of the world’s population. So even people that we think is a very poor living on the poverty line in the united states stealing of which is fifteen percent of the world on again peace. All these figures are already taking toe account. The fact that money goes much further overseas what’s called purchasing power parity adjusted on board, and i’m going to go to doug and dale that you will explain it. But i think he did it’s already adjusted for the difference of cost of living across across the different countries. That’s exactly why on dh so what this means, i mean it since it’s easy to see these figures and feel sadden to the floor, i actually think we should flip it around and think, well, actually, we could have this amazing opportunity. So by luck of being born into a rich country, you’re being able to move to a rich country where among the just people in the world on dh, that means we have an incredible power to do good just by transferring in a wise, effective way, some of our resources to the poor people in the world and using some of the literature from happiness, economic uh, give estimates about just how big an impact should we expect it to be? And they call it the hundredfold. Multiplier. So even if all you were doing was literally just making yourself for the buy one dollar, making some one with very poor people in the world, richard, by one dollars, you would be having hunt. That money would have one hundred times the impact in terms of people’s well being, and so it’s, this extraordinary opportunity. We have startling. Yeah, yeah. I love yeah, okay, thank you for explaining that was a very uplifting comment on our explanation, and i overstated it. This it does not everyone in the u s is in the one percent, but even those at poverty level in the u s are in the richest fifteen percent, askew said, thank you, it’s, very startling. We just have again about two minutes before before a break. Um, question number four is what would happen otherwise what’s going on here, so here the crucial issue is the difference you make up the difference between the good you do and what would have happened, even if you’d not acted as you did. So one example is that there wasn’t a non-profits i think is if you’re fund-raising so suppose you raise a million dollars in a fundraising campaign, you might think, oh, the amount of good i do is just the value of that million dollars from my charity, you’ve got to think about what would have happened otherwise, how much of that money wood have been donated to some other charity, even if you do not run that fund-raising campaign on dh if it were the case that it would all just being donated to some other charity on the travel team is just as effective as you going. Actually, this fund-raising campaign had no impact at all. And some arguments for thinking that there is often the case over those charitable giving remains at just two percent in the u s st fixed about for quite some time. It’s. Certainly, i think we’ll seek peace. The effect on the of many fund-raising campaigns, partly, you’re just taking money away from in-kind other charities. All right, let’s, let’s. Take that break. And when we come back, will and i will continue talking about the theory of effective altruism and its lessons for your non-profit stay with us. Like what you’re hearing a non-profit radio tony’s got more on youtube, you’ll find clips from stand up comedy tv spots and exclusive interviews catch guests like seth gordon. Craig newmark, the founder of craigslist marquis of eco enterprises, charles best from donors choose dot org’s aria finger do something that worked neo-sage levine from new york universities heimans center on philanthropy tony tweets to he finds the best content from the most knowledgeable, interesting people in and around non-profits to share on his stream. If you have valuable info, he wants to re tweet you during the show. You can join the conversation on twitter using hashtag non-profit radio twitter is an easy way to reach tony he’s at tony martignetti narasimhan t i g e n e t t i remember there’s a g before the end he hosts a podcast for the chronicle of philanthropy fund-raising fundamentals is a short monthly show devoted to getting over your fund-raising hartals just like non-profit radio, toni talks to leading thinkers, experts and cool people with great ideas. As one fan said, tony picks their brains and i don’t have to leave my office fund-raising fundamentals was recently dubbed the most helpful non-profit podcast you have ever heard. You can also join the conversation on facebook, where you can ask questions before or after the show. The guests were there, too. Get insider show alerts by email, tony tells you who’s on each week and always includes link so that you can contact guests directly. To sign up, visit the facebook page for tony martignetti dot com. If you have big ideas but an average budget, tune into tony martignetti non-profit radio for ideas you can use. I do. I’m dr robert panna, author of the non-profit outcomes toolbox. Very interesting that that that drop was by dr robert penna who’s. Been a guest on the show? I’m going well, i’m not going to give you a chance to explain, but direct people to the bookers we want people to buy this book for a lot of reasons, but one of them is, um, will has has a commentary on something that ken berger, who has also been on the guest, been against multiple times, actually, former ceo of charity navigator he’s been on many times, bob bennett was on one side. I think just once on, dh will have some commentary on on article that burger and penna wrote and, well, i hope you’re going to forgive me. I gotta leave it there because we don’t have time to go into it, but it’ll it’ll increased demand for your book. Okay, okay. Okay. Yeah. Did you notice that i did not choose that drop? The producer chooses the drops, so i did not put that in to be provocative to you. So please don’t think that. Okay? That’s. Just purely coincidence. All right. So our fourth question. You know what would happen otherwise. So where’s a lesson that we can draw here for non-profits before we move on to the fifth question, yeah, so one, like i said, was thinking about, you know, if you’re running a fund raising campaign, how much of the money would have been no need to be other ways if you can find to track that another is in terms of the impact and how you’re measuring the impact you’re having. So an example, i give us a the scared straight program, very popular social program in the us, where juvenile delinquent skin taken to prison for a few hours to scare them out of a life of crime on dh on its face, it might look like an effective program because the juveniles go on to commit fewer climbs, that he had been committed in the past. So you might think, oh, therefore, the program was effective, that that’s not thinking about what would have happened otherwise. And in fact, when the program’s being tested, it seems to increase rates of criminality. So if those juvenile delinquent hadn’t been taken on the scared straight program, they would have gone on to commit even fewer clients. Yeah, and that’s, obviously chris looks it’s. A program that’s actually doing harm for society. In fact, one estimate put suggested that for every dollar invested in the program, society bore the cost of two hundred thirty dollars, as a result of increased canal. Startling yeah, and scared straight has been the subject of cable tv shows and lots of popular press and yeah, remarkable dahna yeah. All right. Due to time, you know, we have tio we got to move to our our fifth question. What are the chances of success? And how good would it be? Great. And this is a way tio compare very concrete ways of doing good. Like i was talking about sleeping in bed nets or de worming children with things are more than certain, like lobbying for political change or time expiate societal norms offgrid shift on dh you might think, oh, it’s, just impossible to make these comparisons is unquantifiable. I think that’s too hasty on dh. So i think that you, khun, make this on this by using the idea of expected value which is this idea of looking at the probabilities class looking at just how good would success b andi and then you multiply those two. Together and that’s the expected value. So if you’ve got a one in a hundred chance of saving one hundred lives, hyre i meant at least as good as, you know, a guarantee of saving one life right point. Zero one times one hundred that’s one in a hundred chance of saving a hundred people, they get a guarantee. What say from one hand on dh flew this. I think you can start at least get a rough comparisons of how good certain sorts of systemic change. Operations are i give one example again on a personal level of someone deciding whether to earn, to give, for deciding whether to go into politics and with her, we look at what the odds of her successfully becoming an aunty or in the cabinet ministers in the uk come and then secondly, time looked like, well, if she were that successful, just how much of an impact would you be having on dh using this? We got conclusion, but it was likely that she be able to do an awful lot more good by becoming a politician, and i just kind of learn to give and donating her in-kind concrete, measurable challenges on. So i think there’s like a power that have a more vigorous, reflective way of thinking about, you know, systemic or lower probability, but hyre upside change versus more concrete, measurable ways of doing it right. So to not fear that which has a low probability but which has an enormous pay off exactly was the smallpox eradication was that? Well, actually, no, you make a point that there was already some political will behind that, so that wasn’t deemed to be a very small probability. Of success at its out at its outset, was it? I think it probably waas was don’t know looking had ever been eradicated before on so it’s still, i think, would have seemed like a long shot. And so it’s piela marchal they did manage to achieve it. But again, yeah, even supposing that had just seen they thought, okay, this is only a ten percent chance of this working are five centuries given, given the size of the how good the outcome would be, it would have clearly still being very worth doing. Yes. And so i think a lesson for non-profits is to not fear those low probability but very high payoff programs and work that’s like being effective, it does not necessarily mean only doing things where you can quantify in short time period, the impact you have it. Yeah. And of course in leading to the second, which leads directly into the second half of your book, which we don’t have time to do, we do another hour for that, but the concern about too much distraction and overemphasis on ceo pay and proportion of revenue that goes teo overhead administrative costs those those those things are i think you call them distractions? Yeah, i think that’s exactly right when you’re thinking about giving to a charity you know, it’s just in the same way as if you were buying a laptop. You don’t care how much tim kirk is paid as a ceo. You don’t care how much apple spends on its administration costs. You just care about the quality of the products and how much that costs. I think we should play the same to the case of chapter brilliant. We have to leave it there. Well, thank you so, so much. Thank you. Thank you. My pleasure. The book is doing good. Better. How effective altruism can help you make a difference. You want to follow will on twitter, he’s at will mccaskill. Next week you’re bored as brand ambassadors. If you missed any part of today’s show, i beseech you, find it on tony martignetti dot com responsive by pursuing online tools for small and midsize non-profits data driven and technology enabled and by we be spelling supercool spelling bee fundraisers. We b e spelling dot com. Our creative producer is claire meyerhoff. Sam liebowitz is the line producer. Betty mcardle is our new am and fm outreach director. The show’s social media is by susan chavez. On our music is by scott stein. You with me next week for non-profit radio. Big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent. Go out and be great. Durney what’s not to love about non-profit radio tony gets the best guests check this out from seth godin this’s the first revolution since tv nineteen fifty and henry ford nineteen twenty it’s the revolution of our lifetime here’s a smart, simple idea from craigslist founder craig newmark insights orn presentation or anything? People don’t really need the fancy stuff they need something which is simple and fast. When’s the best time to post on facebook facebook’s andrew noise nose at traffic is at an all time hyre on nine a, m or p m so that’s when you should be posting your most meaningful post here’s aria finger ceo of do something dot or ge young people are not going to be involved in social change if it’s boring and they don’t see the impact of what they’re doing so you got to make it fun and applicable to these young people look so otherwise a fifteen and sixteen year old they have better things to dio they have xbox, they have tv, they have their cell phones. Me dar is the founder of idealist took two or three years for foundation staff to sort of dane toe add an email address card. It was like it was phone. This email thing is fired-up that’s why should i give it away? Charles best founded donors choose dot or ge somehow they’ve gotten in touch kind of off line as it were and and no two exchanges of brownies and visits and physical gift mark echo is the founder and ceo of eco enterprises. You may be wearing his hoodies and shirts. Tony talked to him. Yeah, you know, i just i’m a big believer that’s not what you make in life. It sze, you know, tell you make people feel this is public radio host majora carter. Innovation is in the power of understanding that you don’t just do it. You put money on a situation expected to hell. You put money in a situation and invested and expected to grow and savvy advice for success from eric sabiston. What separates those who achieve from those who do not is in direct proportion to one’s ability to ask others for help. The smartest experts and leading thinkers air on tony martignetti non-profit radio big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent.

Nonprofit Radio for March 3, 2017: Prosperity Paradox

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Alexa Cortes Culwell & Heather McLeod Grant: Prosperity Paradox

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Silicon Valley boasts 76,000 millionaires and billionaires and revolutionary innovation. Yet local nonprofits struggle to meet demand and suffer inadequate reserves. Researchers Alexa Cortes Culwell and Heather McLeod Grant explain the disconnect⎯and the lessons for your organization. Their report is “The Giving Code.”

 

 


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Hello and welcome to tony martignetti non-profit radio big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent on your aptly named host we have a new am and fm outreach director betty mcardle she’s, based in portland, oregon. She has a long background in community radio, and she was recommended by her predecessor, gavin doll. I appreciate that, gavin, but he’s got lots of experience. She loves non-profit radio, so i know that we are in good hands as we bring mohr affiliate stations to the flock, the family, the foundation, the community very glad you’re with me. Betty, welcome. Oh, i’m glad you’re with me. I’d be stricken with simpatico tonia, if you got me nervous with the idea that you missed today’s show prosperity paradox silicon valley boasts seventy six thousand millionaires and billionaires and revolutionary innovation yet local non-profits struggled to meet demand and suffer inadequate reserves. Researchers alexa cortez culwell and heather macleod grant explained the disconnect and the lessons for your organization. Their report is tthe e-giving code on twenty steak two i’ve got a plan giving webinar coming up. We’re sponsored by pursuant full service fund-raising data driven and technology enabled, you’ll raise more money pursuant dot com and by we be spelling supercool spelling bee fundraisers, we b e spelling dot com. I want to welcome alexa and heather to the show, but they haven’t called into our line yet, so we’re waiting. Sam, of course, is struggling. You’re sending them texts to sam. Okay, sam is trying to get them on the line. Wth e-giving code is their report, and this is based on silicon valley. New philanthropy and the paradox in silicon valley, where there is enormous wealth and enormous innovation and research going on, and yet silicon valley non-profits r struggling to meet what are actually growing needs, we’re going to talk about thea, the shrinking middle class in the silicon valley they ladies define the silicon valley with in terms of two, there are two counties, and we’ll talk about those that they define as the silicon valley area specifically for their research and the report e-giving code. So it’s ah it’s frustrating to hear that with the enormous wealth and, you know, we’ve got statistics like, um, well, it’s, a super rich place the number of millionaires and billionaires is has grown incredibly in six years from, like two thousand eight to two thousand thirteen, individual giving rose incredibly from, like two billion dollars to have almost five billion dollars, one hundred fifty percent increase the number of millionaires and billionaires now at seventy six thousand. In these in these two counties santa clara and san mateo counties, so enormous wealth and considerable growth in giving but the non-profits in those two counties, our ah are struggling. I’ll tell you what, we’re going to go out for a break and we’re going, so i’m going to try i’m going to regroup and see what sam has done, and maybe i’ll call the women myself and see what’s up with how come they haven’t called in to our line yet so let’s go out early for the break, we’re gonna come back with e-giving code and hopefully the two co authors of the giving code stay with us, you’re tuned to non-profit radio tony martignetti also hosts a podcast for the chronicle of philanthropy fund-raising fundamentals is a quick ten minute burst of fund-raising insights published once a month. Tony’s guests are expert in crowdfunding, mobile giving event fund-raising direct mail and donor cultivation really all the fund-raising issues that make you wonder, am i doing this right? Is there a better way there is? Find the fund-raising fundamentals archive it. Tony martignetti dot com that’s marketmesuite n e t t i remember there’s a g before the end, thousands of listeners have subscribed on itunes. You can also learn maura, the chronicle website philanthropy dot com fund-raising fundamentals the better way welcome back to big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent. We’ve got one of our co authors, i think, it’s, alexa, alexa, is that you? Yeah, okay, alexa, thank you, alexa cortez culwell, cofounder of open impact and a longtime philanthropy advisor, speaker and facilitator for the past twenty five years, she’s built and managed foundations and philanthropic initiatives for successful entrepreneurs, including serving as ceo of the charles and helen schwab foundation. She’s at alexa culwell and open impact is at open impact dot hi. Oh, welcome, alexa. Thanks for having me. You’re welcome, pleasure and honor to be with. Thank you. Is there gonna be calling in shortly? I am sure will be joining us soon as you can. Okay. All right. Well, we’ll see her on the panel. We have the dashboard for the the conference line. Okay, so let’s, then let’s, get get started. I gave a little overviewing while in the first block while we were waiting, hoping you were going to call silicon valley is very rich. I went through some some statistics about the number of millionaires and billionaires there. Seventy six thousand. But talk about the growing need. I didn’t. I didn’t cover this part yet. The growing need that non-profits air facing. Yeah, so we uncovered that there’s, this incredible growing wealth in the region and with it is growing philanthropy. And then there’s what we call a prosperity paradox and that’s exactly right. So it’s, this enormous economy and all of these wealthy people, and yet thirty percent of our residents are replying on some form of public or private assistant. Yeah, that’s! Incredible! A third. A third of residents need some kind of public assistance. Nearly a third. Yes, and one and one in three, which is a third of our kids are going hungry, so they’re on free. And reduced lunch programs. They’re accessing food from the food bank and other things. Um, what is the non-profit community like there? In terms of numbers and size? I know it’s ten, small and struggling, but give us more color than just that. Well, like the rest of the united states, the majority of our non-profits their small under a million dollars in revenue. And since in the last ten years, we’ve actually seen a lot of growth in the number of our non-profits almost thirty, one hundred non-profits in the region. And so and so we have a lot of non-profits a lot of small inns, and we also have non-profits that are struggling to get by. So they’re being displaced by this economy. They’re under siege and what’s. Interesting is not only are they kind of being displaced, they can’t afford actually operate in the region. The demand for their services is at an all time high, so people are on wait lists there being ah, dahna, you know? They’re just asking for help that these non-profits can’t keep up with that kind of thie irony of all of this and as a result, our non-profits they’re struggling, so they actually have deficit that are above the national average for organizations there and also being displaced from office base because it’s, the silicon valley on and i mentioned earlier san matteo in santa clara, county’s that’s how you define silicon valley office space is at a premium, so that’s costing them and that’s hurting them. Um, i have some of the stats from your executive summary eighty percent of non-profits reporting increasing demand for services over the past five years, seventy four percent don’t have access to high net worth donordigital works significantly hindering their outreach. We’re going to talk about that. The gap there, fifty one percent say they will not be able to meet demand for services this year and and on and on, you’ve got very nice multicolored summary there on page three of the executive summary, but of lots of lots of pretty colors in those in those stats, i like the electric i appreciate the color, thank you and think you’re actually reading the report and i do what you think of earth people to dig into our data. It’s awesome and there’s a lot of it. You think i don’t prepare for the show or what? What do you think? You’re very well off the cuff. Well, we haven’t. We haven’t spent the hour together yet. We’ll see what happens in one one fifty nine eastern rolls around. See if you still say that, but yeah, now the summary, i have toe critique a little bit because it’s my nature, i think the executive summary is a little on the long side. Sixteen page. I mean, i’m executive summary. I’m looking for like, two paragraphs. Well, then i won’t torture you with the full report, but it’s seventy nine pages of even more data graphics and deeper insight, and i really would urge people teo get into the executive summary and if and if they’re interested to really, really dig deeper into some of the analysis and implications for their work. Well, it doesn’t mean sixteen pages it’s a really tough topic and there’s there’s just i think we’re going to need to really kind of carefully consider these issues that were going to actually want to solve them. Well, i’m well acquainted with take point taken. Okay, now, but i’m well acquainted with the full report. I’ve read large pieces of it. I do not read all sixty nine pages, but okay, you know, executive. I mean, i’m a busy person. I don’t know. I’m sure you’re busy, but i’m busier. I need i need to paragraph executive summary. So, please, maybe you need a summary of the summary. Can you do that? Yeah, well, well, i think that somewhere you were pretty forward if we want to give it to people here and then they don’t even have to read the report. They can hear your interview. Go. Okay. Okay. I got it. Like i say, executive summary is the situation sucks. It’s bad and yeah, and we can do some things to help it. Is that teo teo to kurt? Well, i think i think that’s the set up to this report the set up is we have growing wealth and growing philanthropy in silicon valley. We haven’t even dug into that. So it ends up that all these wealthy people in silicon valley are actually giving a lot of money away where the disconnect is is that money is not making its way to a local causes an issue and the community based organizations, right, that kind of are the champions of those issues and those residents who need help and that’s the case in many communities, right? I think this is a trend we’re seeing across the country, you’re we’re seeing increased income disparity, we’re seeing growing need by the by the residents who are the most left out, and then a non-profit community that’s under siege. And so we’re interested. And yet we see this growing wealth and we think, well, are they giving money away? And if so, why isn’t it making its way to me? Where is this money going? And so in silicon valley, we track all of these statistics. We tracked individual giving the growth in private foundations the phenomenon called donor advised funds and also corporate giving. And there was mortgaging everywhere that was kind of the astonishing fact. But the majority of it does not go to our local organizations and heather’s now on the line, and can be brought into the call to add into this dialogue. Okay, sam, you’re ready way. Have heather. Okay, wonderful. Let me introduce her. Heather macleod grant is the other co founder of open impact she’s, a social entrepreneur, author and consultant with twenty five years of experience and social change. Both these women have twenty five years. Everybody’s got twenty five years today except neil fight host with twenty years she is. She is co author of forces for good six practices of high impact non-profits, which was named a top ten book buy of the year by the economist she’s at hmc grant and again open impact is that ah, open impact, dot io and also at open impact team. Okay, heather, welcome. Welcome to the show. Hi, tony. Thank you. And i apologize for the technical difficulties. That’s. Okay. Well, berate you later, it’s not, but not on the air. It’s ok, um okay. So alexa and i have been ah, diving in and let’s bring you in where? I guess we were really at the point where we’re saying that essentially the need is scaling much faster than the support is growing locally. Locally, that’s the point that election was just making heather let’s bring it in. Let’s bring you in with an explanation of what the giving code is, yeah, so the giving code, we talk about it in the report, and we talk about it being this kind of implicit approach philanthropy that many of these new donors have that is very much it’s, very much informed by their business background and experience, and they’re they’re they’re sort of expertise and technical companies, so for example, they’re very focused on impact, they’re very driven by metrics they’d like to measure outcome, not surprisingly, their innovative and disruptive, so they really like to think about, you know, how they can hack systems and change things like education or health care. They’re very connected and networked with their peers again. Many of these new donors are in their thirties and forties, they’ve grown up in the era of social media, they like to do things with their peers, so we see a rise and e-giving search kinds of group e-giving activities and you know, they’re they’re really again. Their approach to philanthropy is very much informed by their business background and experience, and so sometimes, unfortunately there’s a disconnect between this business like approach to philanthropy and the approach that community based organizations take yeah. And in fact, well, first, i want to make something explicit when we say they and they turned the donors were talking about newly wealthy philanthropist knew ah, high net worth ultra high net worth millionaires, billionaires in the inn, that to county area the way you, the two of you to find silicon valley there’s also ah, skepticism of non-profits heather, yes, absolutely. They look out across the landscape and they see this fragmentation among non-profit organizations, and they really think that non-profits aren’t being businesslike enough in their approach. So again, it doesn’t mean non-profits they’re wrong, they’re just not meeting the expectations of some of these new donors. Um, and and they do tend to be skeptical non-profits don’t inherently have scale. Almost eighty percent of them are operating on less than a million dollars in budget. That’s true for these two counties and it’s true for the rest of america as well. So these are the guys we’re used to running multibillion dollar companies, and they see these small, tiny non-profits and there’s just a massive disconnect you mentioned the growth of unicorns in silicon valley, which is the unicorn is a greater than one billion dollar asset value pre ipo and how the number has grown to twenty something right? I think in the region, yeah, there’s twenty one unicorn in these two counties now, i’m sure there’s i think there’s something like forty six forty seven nationally, but you know more than our almost half of the unicorns that we see now are here in silicon valley, and you’re correct those that’s kind of the local jargon or lingo for start up companies that have a billion dollars evaluation pre-tax haven’t, in two thousand eleven, there were three unicorns and twenty sixteen there were twenty one so again, just enormous growth in wealth and scaling. You refer to a bigger, better, faster, essentially, too, to summarize what the newly wealthy philanthropy philanthropists think and how they think, and then there’s the skepticism of non-profits of it, i mean, you don’t you don’t use this word, but would you say it? It suggests in a certain arrogance among these, these folks? Well, you know, some would say someone some would use that word. We wait, we don’t say it’s arrogance, i think it’s perhaps more ignorance or not understanding how. Social change works, but, you know, i do think some of these donors can’t come across that way in their approach to social change, they think, well, i built this billion dollars, you know, app that scaled in three years, i’m going to go fix public education, and they don’t really have an understanding of how complex social systems are, um, and again there really obsessed with scale and, yes, moving really fast and unfortunately, social change is an entirely different beast than building an internet company, right? It’s complicated and involved multiple stakeholders, you often have to find ways to work with a partner with government latto leverage the significant resources that are already in government, you’ve gotta engage communities, and you’re really trying to solve market dafs where they’re actually isn’t a paying customer sometimes, right? It’s, you know, solving homelessness is not something that you could do with the technical app, so so the complexity of these problems, i think sometimes pla mixes these new donors, and they do come in with this mindset of, you know, i felt this huge company, how hard can it be? And i think what we’ve seen many of them overtime. Bill gates, mark zuckerberg and others have learned that it’s actually really, really hard the’s air really big, intractable problems, and it takes time and it takes patience and it takes resources and it takes working in very different ways than just building an internet company. You and alexa are very nonjudgmental in the report, but it’s well, actually, tony, i’m going to jump it. I’m going to jump in here. It’s really not about judgmental or non judgmental, we find that not really going to help us get to a solution, and we call it the empathy gap because when people start relegating each other teo arrogant one percenters or social do getters, we find the conversation just stops and everyone walks away frustrated why heather and i wanted to write this report is we wanted to really probono deeply like, how could we get these two sides that are so disconnected? Who speaks such different languages who have such different mindsets and frameworks? How could we leveraged their strength to come together to really solve community problems? And if we stop at just going okay there too arrogant and you’re too much of a do better we don’t. Get to the solution, and the reason we wrote the report is we wanted to get past kind of those stereotypes and begin to bridge the empathy gap that is so wide right now. By the way, alexa, our listeners will know that earlier, when i said when i said i may be busy, but you’re busier. I mean, what did i say? I may be busy, you know, i said, you may be busy, but i’m busier. That’s what i said, listeners know that i was joking, but you might have rolled your eyes and said, who is this clown? But, you know, now i’m andi, i’m teo for twenty minutes, and yeah, he’s only takes about thirty seconds for people to recognize my i mean, i’m judgmental about myself, arrogant, certainly big doses of scare of sarcasm, so all right, we’re all busy, but heather, that was in the context of i was saying earlier, when i see executive summer, expect like, two paragraphs, not sixteen pages, and then the sixty nine full page, sixty nine page full report that i had to reed, you know, so i was that i was asking alexis to scale it down. But i understand it’s, a complex problem, and all right, but i expect to pay an executive summary. I was scrolling through the pdf. Is that what this is a summer? You need a. You need a summary of the summary? Okay, wait, we got a little ambitious. My last project was a book, and so i let you keep joking that i was trying to turn this into a book. So all right, well, you’re in the right trends in terms of least my attention deficit. So you know the next thing you could do instead of a report, maybe, just to a paragraph. Great. Well, we could try. I suppose you could sum it up. You could probably get into one hundred forty characters if you tried really hard, but yeah, basically, it sucks. I had said that earlier. All right, let’s, get to the to the challenges that you identify between that are preventing the two communities the newly wealthy philanthropists and the community based on non-profit organizations from coming together. Alexis let’s, go back to you. You basically the first one is they don’t they don’t know each other that’s how i know that that’s how i put i’m using my words you have different, you know, you live in silicon valley, it’s a pretty compact in place. We’re not talking about, uh, this enormous area, these air to counties and people live pretty close together. And some of our poorest neighborhoods are right next door. Some some of our wealthiest neighborhoods. And yet these two groups of people the ones who have all this capital and are giving it away, and the ones who desperately needed in order to help are most needy residents. They just are worlds apart. They have completely different networks and ways of thinking about place. And at the heart of it, it really is about community in place, so the donors are often globally minded. They’re working or running global companies, they’re traveling all over the world for those companies, and they will have homes in different places and relate and identify with different places as their home in community, whereas the nonprofit and community based organizations that we work with r really thinking about places, the place where we live and raise our families and our kids go to school where we go to work every day, and this is our community, and it deserves our attention, and it deserves to be healthy and vibrant for the sake of all of us. And so the social networks just don’t meet as often as you might think they’re like worlds apart, even though they may only be blocks apart. Yeah, you call it the more articulate that you called the knowledge and information gap. I was just saying they don’t know each other. Let’s let zach with you for another one. What you call the social network and experience gap. I just say they don’t have ways to get to know each other that’s, right? They don’t, they don’t, they’re not at the same cocktail parties, they’re not vacationing in the same places. They’re not even going to the same grocery stores, and even though they live sometimes within a mile of each other. That’s, right, it’s just a very stark contrast and kind of an odd conundrum, but it makes sense, right? I mean, there’s, a sense of place in community is different, and their social networks are really different. Let’s jump over to you and and continue this thread on the gaps that what you call the mindset and language gap, i just say it, they look at the world differently. Yeah, that’s, that’s going back a little bit of what i was saying before about this language of business and metrics and scale and that’s a language, you know that these tech entrepreneurs have come up and many of them have had almost no exposure to social problems or public policy or government or social work. And on the other side you have non-profit leaders, many of whom came out of programs for public policy or social work and who really speak a much more moral language, a language of ethics and social justice and taking care of the least well off. And so, again, we find that there is kind of a disconnect in terms of the language and frame works in the mental models, if you will, that the philanthropist use versus the language and framework and mental models that community based organizations in particular use and later on that that many of these community based organizations were serving low income population, sometimes there’s literally a real language kept sometimes these populations are speaking spanish or their low income asian communities, so you’ve got lots of different layers of disconnect, and and that leads to what we ultimately say is an empathy gap and that’s why we don’t like to use words like arrogant, we don’t wanna point fingers because we actually feel like that’s already happening too much it’s too easy to write off these business people is being arrogant and greedy and that’s actually oversimplifying and it’s not also taking their good intentions into consideration. We really think we need to get beyond the empathy gap, have each side try and understand the other in the world that the other is living in and that that’s what’s going. To ultimately help bridge the gap. Okay, perfect, ladies, we’re going to take a break for a little while. Your i have to do a little business for our sponsors, and of course we’re going to continue our conversation for the remainder of the hour. And now that we’ve talked about what creates the what the gaps are, you know we’ll spend the balance of time talking about bridging those gaps on the positive side and, uh, encourage you again to have ah, two paragraph summary of your executive summary, so stay with us. Ladies duvette there’s more of this prosperity paradox coming up first, i got a chat with you about pursuing because they have a new info graphic grow your monthly e-giving your problem, you need to raise more money solution in part monthly giving and that’s what the infographic is about. Ah, it helps you, whether you’re creating a program or trying to convince your board or your c e o of the value of a sustainers program or you need to grow your existing program and your fund-raising mix the infographic has got strategies to launch and grow tells you how long you can expect sustainers to stay with you and gives you tips for attracting new donors and there’s more to it as well. It’s all in mourning for graphic. Amazing, very, very highly concentrated, dense with value. And it is at pursuant dot com quick resource is my voice just crack get resource is fourteen years old quick resource is and then info graphics at pursuing dot com we be spelling spelling bees for fund-raising you need a fun millennial event, check out the video it’s from one night of spelling and stand up comedy music great fun! The video is that we be ee spelling dot com now for tony’s take two. I am doing a free webinar coming up later this month. It’s jump start your planned e-giving how to get started. Who the best prospects are were the types of gif ts that you can start promoting right away right away easily dispel yourself of the myth that plant e-giving is only for larger organizations and only for major donors. Both of those are incorrect. Both fallacies. I’m gonna explain plan giving simply ah, not using my legal background. I can explain it to you so that you will understand it. And understand how to get started. You know my focus is small and midsize shops that’s who the webinars for it’s on thursday, march sixteenth two o’clock eastern affiliate listeners there is time for you to be with me. I know sometimes the timing doesn’t work for you by the time i and i put something in the show and then by the time you’re your station airs, it may be too late. This one the timing is perfect for you it’s march sixteenth there’s still time you register at tony dot m a slash jump start your pg the link is also on my video, which explains a little more about the webinar and that video with the registration link is at tony martignetti dot com. And that is tony’s take two and i feel like doing live listen love podcast pleasantries and affiliate affections a little differently today we have listeners all over the country all over the world, but today i will instead of identifying city and state and sending love and pleasantries and affections, we’re all one big non-profit radio, family flock, not a church. I almost said church, not a church, but we’re one family. Whether you’re listening live right now or among our twelve thousand podcast listeners or among our am and fm affiliate station listeners, today, we’re one big non-profit radio family. So the love and the pleasantries and the affections go out irrespective of what your method of listening is. I’m very glad you’re with us. That is tony steak, too, all right, let’s, bring the ladies back, and, uh, you know, you, uh, you have something interesting. Anybody can comment on this, the you devote a page in the full report to the good wani brothers. They sold their company to netscape in nineteen ninety eight, and in two thousand three, the co founded a nonprofit to india community center. And basically, what i come away from that page is they recognize the brothers, recognized that this is hard work, having a non-profit. Yeah, i love that story in our report. And tony, it does prove that you’re you’re a much more diligent reader than you let on, because that’s all the way on page fifty for the report, but there was a couple of reasons we wanted to feature their story, their immigrant, uh, americans who came from india, they started a really successful company, that’s contributed to the economy in the valley, and then they decided to give back by starting a nonprofit that would serve the indian diaspora in silicon valley. That would be a gathering place for indians to come and to share culture and food and language and ping pong, which they love. And so it’s an enormous community center not unlike the jewish community center model we often see in the u s and they started the very first one and silicon valley, and we talk to them because we wanted to hear about there journey, starting a community based organization and also about how philanthropy work in other cultures and communities. And, you know, philanthropy is a rather novel thing to america, it’s part of our culture and its distinct distinct from other cultures and other parts of the world, and so they just shared how challenging it’s been to raise money from other indian americans around this really compelling non-profit that they’re building because they prioritize helping their families back at home. E-giving toe heart hyre roo i causes in india, where you can literally save someone play for set their whole life on a new trajectory by sending them to school for hundreds of dollars a year on get this incredible return. And so they’ve been on a journey to figure out how to build a sustainable business model for this very vibrant community center that they started some time ago. That was alexa, right? Or is that just alexis being? Yes, i’m a little disadvantaged cause you sound a little a little like, but i figured, yeah, that xero voices don’t don’t apologize, and i want to remind listeners that alexa cortez culwell and heather macleod grant are the co authors of this the of the study i’m called e-giving code and also co founders of open impact ladies, how come open impact your your your your consultancy around social impact and how come you’re dot i owe you? Didn’t you didn’t get in early enough to get dot com or dot or gore dot net, will you not dot org’s? But how come dot i owe on your for your very trendy, trendy and hip trendy in him, it is kind of the forefront of of the new. Yeah, but, you know, a lot of people buy up lots of names with dot org’s dot com, even though they’re not using them that we just went. Dad, i oh, okay. It’s. Another word you came? Yeah. It’s. Cool. Because why? Oh, i iove well, well, because that io is also open impact initial backwards, right? So it’s ah, it’s ah it’s a palindrome that’s, right? Oh, i i don’t. I don’t. I don’t know what kind of some kind. Okay, well, yeah, if you take just the initials but it’s not it’s, not a lie. Dot io it’s open impact, your honor name. We will tell you what, why open impact is such an important name and part of the value of the work we do, which is we think that non-profit leaders today are constantly balancing the tension of staying open and adapting to the complexity that they’re dealing with all around them, the external landscape is so volatile, but they’re also being required to really measure their impact and report that in clear terms. So we are really committed, teo writing and speaking and publishing about that. And we help our clients with that. Yeah. You have a very good video at open impact dot io who’s who’s fireplaces that that you’re in front of that’s. A beautiful fireplace. Is that one of your homes? No. That’s, a dear colleague of our living room. Okay, i kind of want to see the kitchen. I was hoping the second half of the video was gonna move into the kitchen because the fireplace is beautiful. Fabulous. Yeah. Labbate all right, maybe the next video, he’ll let you use the kitchen. Okay, let’s. Go back to the substance, though, so let’s, start bridging the gaps. I don’t know who want to take the first way, but, uh, you do something. You suggest something called connect to build empathy. We want to talk about that. Yeah, this is heather happy too. I’m happy to jump in on that. So so i do think bridging these gaps really starts by finding ways to bring these donors and these non-profits together and there’s a couple of examples in our community of organizations that are doing that we’ve also seen traditional intermediaries. Their role has very much changed in this landscape. I don’t think alexa touched on this before it joins the call, but just in brief our local united way has emerged, so we now have a bay area why united way that serving like twelve different counties and our community foundation is very nationally and globally focused on working with many of these donors on all levels of e-giving but not just community e-giving so what we’re finding is, as these intermediaries have kind of changed their role in the ecosystem, new intermediaries, air having to step in until some of these gaps. One example is to silicon valley social ventures, which was actually founded sixteen, seventeen years ago by laura, ari, aga and reasons and it’s e-giving circle, where donors actually come together, meet local non-profits vet them, they pool their money and their resource is so you don’t have to be a billionaire. You don’t even have to be a millionaire to join you can contribute six or seven thousand dollars pool your money with other donors and then vet local non-profits and find knows that you think are, you know, the most interesting, having significant impacts have leadership that you like and basically make an investment in that organization and what’s really great about this model is many of the partners in this e-giving circle actually take board seats or become mentors to the non-profit so this is, you know, one example, but we think it’s the perfect example of what we need a lot more with these opportunities for these donors to actually connect with these leaders, mentor and coach them start having a conversation where the non-profit leaders can teach the business with yours about social change and why it’s so complex and why it sometimes really hard to measure their impact, and at the same time, the business leaders could bring their technical and their marketing and their strategy skills, cities non-profit organizations, and really helps them be even more effective. So it’s again connection and learning together, we find it a very effective way to start. Bridget yeah, engagement if i put a five letter word to it, genuine up boat way just lose alexa, i don’t know. Heather used to with us, no, i mean, i’m here, i’m good, we’re here. Oh, you are okay. Whoever was whoever was listening on the call, the third party that wasn’t invite the third party that wasn’t invited, just dropped off. All right, they could have just listened online. It’s so much easier than calling the number. Um, yeah, and i think, you know, this is the section bridging the gaps that has the real value, i think, for our listeners, because these are things that non-profits can do in their own community. You know, there are lessons. That’s, why i wanted to have this conversation with ladies, because there are lessons for the entire nation’s non-profit community based on your findings. Just in two counties in california. What do we got? Well, this’s, alexa, you’re exactly right. I mean, the report is received a lot of national attention because issues of income disparity, issues of the wealthy and philanthropy, and the very unhealthy state of many of our local community based non-profits is something that is concerning in many, many cities, in urban areas and even rural areas in the country. So i do think we’ve been surprised at how much has been resonating, because on one hand, silicon valley is so unique. But, on the other hand, is part of the really odd story that we’re also so much like other places. Yeah, well, that’s, your it’s, a well written report, and that it comes out the value for the community nationwide comes out if i can call that a community. Oh, and all that national media attention has brought you to this moment non-profit radio. You see that, right? Yeah, and we’re grateful to you see that? Yeah, okay, what, i don’t know, whatever the national media you’re on, but it brought you two brought you here. So there’s, roger’s stepping stones, all right, let’s, let’s, let’s, continue to bridge the gap. Thank you for agreeing. You have no choice. I understand that let’s, continue bridging the gaps. Who wants to talk about creating educational opportunities in your your step two? Well, this is heather. I can jump in again. I mean, so two thoughts first on the like this resonates across the country mean, one thing we are doing, you know, we start to see up solutions in the report, but we’re actually starting teo focus even more on what would it take to implement execute some of the solutions in silicon valley? Because we actually do think if we can start to solve some of these divides here that’s a model that other communities might want to emulate, but going back to what you said, tony, i think it does come down to engagement, and one thing we’re realizing is that that both sides need to be educated that can happen through connection and experience are learning the both sides really need to build their capacity to engage with the other. So in this case, many community based on profits, they’re so resource strapped, they’re so focused on being head down, trying to serve the communities there, serving that often they’re not actually doing a good enough job of creating real donor engagement opportunities. Finding ways to connect into these networks happened to these networks. I get it that takes time and money, and when you’re serving the poor, the temptation is to spend all your resources on your program. But then you have nothing left to build your organization and build your outreach and build the donor engagement opportunities, or even to market and get your information out of these donors even know that you exist. So we think there’s education opportunities on both sides the opportunity to build the capacity of non-profits to be more sophisticated and how they reach out and engage these donors and how they have theories of change and strategies and how they measure their impact to the extent that they can and how they can tell stories used metrics, not just wonderful anecdotes, i think again playing both the head and the heart, same time donors need education to we were astonished as we talk to many this philantech how long it takes him to get up the warning firm, sometimes five or ten years, and there are some programs out there, the philanthropy workshopping one there are some other programs out there that focus really on donor education, but we need many, many, many more programs like this because there are many more millionaires and billionaires who are coming online with their philanthropy and our country stuck. They don’t even know how to get started, so so education can also be a stepping on dh, creating things. Circles are accessible and communities all over the country, and the data is showing that when a donor joins e-giving circle, they give more and they give more faster, they accelerate, they’re giving their more satisfied there, more confident, so really simple things. Non-profits khun dio is help think about curating e-giving circles or joining with partners, and if a donor is listening to the podcast, you know, joining a e-giving circle is just a a fabulous way to accelerate your impact. Also also just creating or seeking out volunteer opportunities, and i have to stop you. Alexa, hold on, we’ll take our last break. Hold that thought, please, andi will continue, okay, hang on. 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You can join the conversation on twitter using hashtag non-profit radio twitter is an easy way to reach tony he’s at tony martignetti narasimhan t i g e n e t t i remember there’s a g before the end he hosts a podcast for the chronicle of philanthropy fund-raising fundamentals is a short monthly show devoted to getting over your fund-raising hartals just like non-profit radio, toni talks to leading thinkers, experts and cool people with great ideas. As one fan said, tony picks their brains and i don’t have to leave my office fund-raising fundamentals was recently dubbed the most helpful non-profit podcast you have ever heard, you can also join the conversation on facebook, where you can ask questions before or after the show. The guests were there, too. Get insider show alerts by email, tony tells you who’s on each week and always includes link so that you can contact guess directly. To sign up, visit the facebook page for tony martignetti dot com. Hi, this is claire meyerhoff from the plan giving agency. If you have big dreams but a small budget, you have a home at tony martignetti non-profit radio. Oppcoll welcome back to big non-profit ideas for the other ninety five percent. I’m with alexa and heather, and they are co authors of the giving code that that is they’re reporting you confined their full report and the lengthy executive summary there’s my judgment, i’m not i’m not no, i am not nonjudgmental judgment confined the full report in all its robustness, both forms at open impact dot i oh, which is actually a very pretty sight, ladies. All right? And i do love the video. That’s a very good video of the two of you. Um okay, alexis, i think you had a thought that i cut off you wantto ex charity? Well, i was just saying that, you know, a creative thing for a non-profit to do would be teo curate e-giving circle on the cause that their organization is all about and to try to get some donors and learn about the issue and to learn how to give and donors likewise confined giving circles there’s lots of those in their communities. It’s an easy way. Easy, inaccessible way to plug in non-profits i think there’s lots of capacity building opportunities for non-profits and they really need to think strategically about building their capacity to pitch their organization proactively. So what a lot of donors told us is there often coaching non-profits on what they need rather than having a non-profit pitch some kind of anticipating what they’re going to need, and i think it’s pretty easy to anticipate what the donor’s need they want, like, a really clear narrative about what the organization does, and they want really clear numbers, they want to know very basic things in a very clear way, like, how many people do you serve? How deeply do you serve them? What’s the evidence you have that something is changing in their lives for the better, and how much does it cost to do that service and why? And non-profits really struggled to just step up and and frame those issues in a non apologetic way, never heather and i are out talking non-profits they they really struggled to just kind of state and the state it clearly, and so the best advice we can give in terms of educating yourself is to go out and really learn how to put together follow-up plan that you can pitch to donors that really anticipate their objections. Like, you know, overhead is a big objection donors donors often will express. And the leader who just, like gets ahead of that. You know, who really explains what the organization does and why how they do it so efficiently is really gonna win with owners versus one that’s kind of caught on their back foot trying to answer that question. Yeah. You refer to the overhead myth, and i thought we were i thought we were past this. I had back when this happened. When? When? Guidestar and charity navigator and better business bureau wise giving alliance. I created this problem. I had the three ceos of those organizations on and we talked about thea overhead myth letter that they all signed for the country. And this was back, like, three years ago. I think it was twenty thirteen. Are we not past the overhead myth among, well, let’s talk about the court you’re dealing with among newly wealthy philanthropists. Are they not overhead that? Are they not past that overhead myth problem? Well, tony, this is heather and it’s. Interesting. Because my book forces for good came out almost ten years ago and we started to take on the overhead myth in our book back then, and i think, unfortunately, even though those of us who are kind of insiders in the nonprofit sector feel like, you know, haven’t we gotten past that? Haven’t we said it’s really about impact and outcomes, not the inputs that it takes you to get to that impact? Unfortunately, i think some of these new donors coming online are not yet with the program, and these kinds of, you know, stereotypes and overly simplistic ways of looking at measurement, unfortunately continue to persist. But as alexis said, we’ve also seen amazing examples of community based organizations taking that argument and just flipping it on its head. So one great example. Peter forton bob, who runs the local boys and girls club in our community, serving literally thousands of low income students and kids and partnering with schools. He’s really been a subtle intra printer, and within the boys and girls club network, he’s really innovated around their core models and, you know, i went to a fundraiser they had two weeks ago, and not only did he have the ceo of youtube, susan would just be was a judge. On the panel, he had the ceo of lincoln in the audience, and he had cheryl sandberg is opener, the ceo of facebook. And when he got up to give the pitch to that audience, peter, by the way, has a harvard mba. It worked in tech. Former mackenzie really smart guys made some money now dedicated his life to service and running this grassroots community organization. So he knows how to talk to these donors. And he stood up and he made a pitch that you would hear kind of on sandhill road and the tony kind of blue chip venture capitalist offices. He stood up and he said, guys, this is not charity. This is an investment. This is an investment in the youth in our community. This is an investment and where we live, this is an investment in our future workforce. And by the way, we hyre top talent. We have a great organization, we have state of the art technology. We don’t work on twenty year old computers and guess what? That costs money. But if you invest in us here’s the return, you’re getting it on that investment and he walked through the numbers. Of the impact that they’re having, and i’ll tell you what, they raised a million dollars in one night in that room, unbelievable and that’s an example of what we don’t see enough non-profit leaders doing is getting out ahead of the argument, anticipating to push back and saying, yeah, you know, you want me to run a small, shabby organization that’s never going to scale or have impact? Fine, then we can talk about overhead, but if you really want me to have impact, you’ve got to pay for the things that it takes. So we would just love to see more non-profits in this country, learn from these examples and figure out how to do this and get on the front foot rather than being on the back foot. Excellent, excellent. Okay, we have we have just about, like three minutes left together, ladies. So and i want to get to the rest of the your specific methods of bridging the gap. Let’s just stay with you, heather, and talk about just in like a minute or so. Increasing coordination and collaboration among non-profits on dh and then also among i know that’s hard to do in a minute, but then also among the let’s, just talk about it for the non-profit just on the collaboration on the non-profit side. Okay? Please. Yeah, so this is all i’ll be quick, and then i’m sure alexis may have something to add as well, but, you know, i’ve done a lot of work over the last five, seven years of my career working on networks and collective impact, and we actually think this approach holds great promise when it’s done the right way because you have hundreds, if not thousands of tiny community based organizations, the answer isn’t necessarily to have them all merge because that’s not practical, but if you can get them more coordinated and aligned around the goals that they’re trained, the problems we’re trying to solve and setting shared goals and setting shared measurement and collaborating rather than competing against each other, you can actually have much more impact cubine also attract more resource is because donors look out and they say, oh, finally, all these small little guys, they’re working together on solving the problem that’s what i care about, i want to put my money into that so there’s a couple examples in our own backyard one called the big lift, which is an early literacy program for early childhood development, and they’re working with several hundred non-profits they’re working with school district, they’re working with the county government, and they have managed to create this kind of collective impact network. So we think again, we need to see more of this in our sector, we need to see more non-profits kind of stepping up and really getting aligned with other non-profits and coordinating rather than everybody kind of putting their head down and doing all right, you have, and then you have a fourth, which is building capacity and addressing costs, and we’ve pretty much covered that not under that rubric. We’ve talked about that so let’s, let’s wrap up with, we just have a minute left celebrating success. Please, alexa well, so whenever we see a philanthropist and a non-profit doing this the right way, we need teo tell their story. And in silicon valley, we actually have some really great stories of where this is working. Well, so it’s not all bad news. We have some extraordinary philanthropist who are commited locally and telling their stories why they’re committed locally how they give their money to smaller community based non-profits how they partner with them is just critical to raising awareness that it can be a great and satisfying thing to do is a donor and and go beyond just e-giving safe bets to your alma mater or to the things that are familiar to you. Stepping out of your comfort zone has huge rewards. Andi, start funding these organizations and we have to leave it there. Alexa cortez culwell she’s at alexa culwell heather macleod grant she is at hmc grant. You’ll find the report and the summary at open impact dot io ladies, thank you very much next week. Thank you so much for being a call. Alright next week doing good, better effective altruism for individuals with takeaways for non-profits of course, if you missed any part of today’s show, i beseech you, find it on tony martignetti dot com. 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